Petrified fossil specimen of the palm *Palmoxylon cheyennense* from the Cretaceous Pierre Formation near the Black Hills, South Dakota. Palm trees are monocots and do not produce true wood. Instead, the trunk of a palm has many vascular bundles (the vascular bundle caps look like black dots on the above specimen) in a matrix of ground tissue. Specimen is from the Cornell University Paleobotanical Collection (CUPC), Ithaca, New York (#1656). Length of rock is approximately 5.5 cm. Model by Emily Hauf.